Networking Devices Hub Switch Router Modem Bridges Brouters Gateways

1. HUB :Networks using a Star topology require a central point for the devices to connect. Originally this device was called a concentrator since it consolidated the cable runs from all network devices. The 

basic form of concentrator is the hub.

 

As shown in Figure; the hub is a hardware device that containsmultiple, 

independent ports that match the cable type of the network. Most common hubs interconnect Category 3 or 5 twisted-pair cable with RJ-45 ends, although Coax BNC and Fiber Optic BNC hubs also exist. The hub is considered the least common denominator in device concentrators. Hubs offer an inexpensive option for transporting data between devices, but hubs don't offer any form of intelligence. Hubs can be active or passive.

An active hub strengthens and regenerates the incoming signals before sending the data on to its destination.

Best wireless routers of 2014The wireless router is arguably the most important piece of computer equipment in your home (and even when traveling), since it connects the rest of your gadgets to one another and the Internet. As there are so many choices on the market, it's always hard to find the best one for your money. This is a list of the current top routers I've reviewed so far. They come with different feature sets and prices, but all of them share great performance and have earned high CNET ratings.

Asus AC2400 RT-AC87U Dual-band Wireless Gigabit Router

The hefty price aside, the Asus AC2400 RT-AC87U is the most complete 802.11ac router to date, capable of satisfying all your home networking needs.

Price: $264.29 - $269.99 Check prices

Spectrum Analysis Tools

The airView® Spectrum Analyzer allows operators to identify noise signatures and analyze frequency usage and activity levels onsite, so new access points can be set up on the least-used channels to optimize wireless performance.

Frequency and Channel Flexibility

Built to survive harsh environments, the Rocket™M is available in several frequency models and supports multiple channel bandwidths, depending on the specific model and local country regulations.

1. 

Advanced Software Technology

Ubiquiti’s airMAX® technology is proven in millions of deployments worldwide, exhibiting outstanding performance in outdoor environments. The TDMA airMAX protocol enables unprecedented scalability, high throughput and low latency in unlicensed, multipoint networks.

airMAX® BaseStation

Models: M2, M3, M365, M5, M900, RM2-Ti, RM5-Ti

Featuring enhanced radio performance and mix-and-match industrial design, the Rocket™M is ideal for deployment in Point-to-Point (PtP) bridging or Point-to-MultiPoint (PtMP) applications.

                              

Ubiquiti Networks

Ubiquiti Networks is an American technology company started in 2005. Based in San Jose, California they are a manufacturer ofwireless products whose primary focus is on under-served and emerging markets.

Ubiquiti Networks entered the wireless technology market in June 2005, after announcing its "Super Range" mini-PCI radio card series. The SR2 and SR5 cards were adopted byoriginal equipment manufacturers and wireless Internet service providers. Customers included WRAP, Soekris, and Mikrotik. Operating at the 2.4 and 5.8 GHz bands, the "Super Range" modules used the Atheros integrated circuits

In January 2006, Ubiquiti Networks announced Freedom Frequency, which used frequencies as high as 60 GHz on its radio modules. This encouraged the release of the SR9, a separate card operating at 900 MHz non-standard IEEE 802.11 band.

After extending the supported frequencies to the 4.9 GHz band with the SR4 card, Ubiquiti announced the "Xtreme Range" series featuring two more mini-PCI cards, the XR2 and XR5. Robert J. Pera, CEO of Ubiquiti, attributed improvements to sensitivity, temperature rating and noise immunity to the "customer interactions and shared field testing experiences" as well as "real world scenarios using the Linux kernel MadWifi

Ubiquiti Networks introduced the PowerStation in May 2007, its first product to feature an integrated radio/antenna design, In the same year, Ubiquiti released more XR cards for the licensed bands to deal with congestion seen in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands. The company received attention in August 2007 when a group of Italian amateur radio operators set a distance world record for point-to-point links in the 5.8 GHz spectrum. Using two XR5 cards and a pair of 35 dBi dish antennas, the Italian team was able to establish a 304 km (about 188 mi) link at data rates between 4-5 Mbit/s.

In 2008, Ubiquiti announced additions to its 802.11 b/g lineup, including the Bullet, NanoStation, NanoStation Loco, PicoStation and RouterStation. The following year gave rise to airMAX, Ubiquiti’s proprietary MIMO TDMA polling technology. The new protocol presented an entire lineup of radio/antenna systems, building on the 802.11 b/g series, including the Rocket M. Shortly before the end of 2009, Ubiquiti announced the NanoBridge M and AirGrid M.

Over the course of 2010, airMAX World Conferences were held in Europe, Asia, and North and South America, including San Jose, where Ubiquiti headquarters are located. More products, including the AirWire, WifiStation and Power AP N, were released. Ubiquiti also began supporting airMAX products for the 900 MHz and 3 GHz bands. In the fourth quarter, Ubiquiti announced its TOUGHCable, AirSync technology and UniFi indoor wireless system. Using GPS technology, AirSync effectively eliminated AP interference experienced by co-located APs. Nominated by fellow wireless companies at WISPAPALOOZA 2010, Ubiquiti won awards for best manufacturer as well as product of the year In 2010 and 2011, Ubiquiti Networks was chosen as the WISPA Manufacturer of the Year

n 2011, Ubiquiti released new antennas for its M series devices as well as new models for the NanoBridge series. In August, outdoor and mini UniFi APs were announced, as well as AirCam/AirVision, an IP camera/NVR software. For a second consecutive year, Ubiquiti received the WISPA Manufacturer of the Year award. During October, Ubiquiti announced: Rocket/Bullet Titanium, a Rocket M5 with Gigabit Ethernet ports, TOUGHSwitch, a POE switch, EdgeMAX powered by EdgeOS, a routing platform based on Vyatta, UniFi and AirCam Pro series, as well as AirControl, management-software for Ubiquiti equipment.

At their 2012 Chicago AWC, Pera unveiled a new 24 GHz radio platform called AirFiber. AirFiber is able to achieve speeds of up to 1.4 Gbit/s of aggregate speed.